Category Archives: Chemical

Nail Polish Chemistry: How Nail Polish Works and What It’s Made Of

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Nail polish is a type of lacquer used to decorate fingernails and toenails. Because it has to be strong, flexible, and resist chipping and peeling, it contains a number of chemicals. Here is a look at the chemical composition of nail polish and the function of each of the ingredients.

 

Chemical Composition of Nail Polish

A basic clear nail polish could be made from nitrocellulose dissolved in butyl acetate or ethyl acetate. The nitrocellulose forms a shiny film as the acetate solvent evaporates. However, most polishes contain an extensive list of ingredients.

 

  • Solvents

Solvents are liquids used to mix the other ingredients in a nail polish to yield a uniform product. Once you apply the polish, solvents evaporate away. The amount and type of solvent determines how thick a polish is and how long it takes to dry. Examples of solvents include ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and alcohol. Toluene, xylene, and formalin or formaldehyde are toxic chemicals that used to be common in nail polish but are found rarely now or in low concentrations. Usually, the first ingredient(s) in a nail polish are solvents.

 

  • Film Formers

Film formers are chemicals that form the smooth surface on a coat of nail polish. The most common film former is nitrocellulose.

 

  • Resins

Resins make the film adhere to the nail bed. Resins are ingredients that add depth, gloss, and hardness to the film of a nail polish. An example of a polymer used as a resin in nail polish is tosylamide-formaldehyde resin.

 

  • Plasticizers

While resins and film formers give polish strength and gloss, they produce a brittle lacquer. Plasticizers are chemicals that help keep polish flexible and reduce the chance that it will crack or chip. They do this by linking to polymer chains and increasing the distance between them. Camphor is a common plasticizer.

 

  • Pigments

Pigments are chemicals that add color to nail polish. An astonishing variety of chemicals may be used as pigments in nail polish. Common pigments include iron oxides and other colorants, such as you would find in paint or varnish.

 

  • Pearls

Nail polish that has a shimmery or glittery effect may contain pearlescent minerals, such as titanium dioxide or ground mica. Some polishes may contain bits of plastic glitter or other additives that produce a special effect.

 

  • Additional Ingredients

Nail polishes may contain thickening agents, such as stearalkonium hectorite, to keep the other ingredients from separating and to make the polish easier to apply. Some polishes contain ultraviolet filters, such as benozophenone-1, which help prevent discoloration when the polish is exposed to sunlight or other forms of ultraviolet light.

 

As the professional epoxy resin manufacturer, Epolab Chemical Industries Inc. also provides nail polish for customers. Their epoxy nail polishes are colorful, high color saturation and excellent durability which quickly solidified in most of the LED lamps, and qualified full inspection by SGS. If you have interest or requirement of epoxy nail polish, no hesitation, contact with Epolab right away!

 

Article Source: ThoughtCo.

How to Repair a Shoe with Rubber Shoe Cement?

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Shoes that are torn or those with separated soles can be repaired with rubber shoe cement. Rubber shoe cement is made of latex polymers designed to stick together two pieces of rubber. However, rubber cement can be used to create a waterproof and temporary coating over holes in the fabric or leather part of shoes, if painted on and allowed to dry. Rubber cement can also serve as a protectant to prevent wear and tear on shoes.

 

Holes Part:

Step 1

Estimate the size of the hole. Cut or tear a napkin or piece of paper towel in the approximate shape of the hole. This piece should be twice the size of the hole.

 

Step 2

Place the torn napkin or paper towel inside the shoe, aligning it with the hole.

 

Step 3

Brush one thick coat of rubber cement over the hole on the outside of the shoe. The most effective method to cover the hole is by using long, steady strokes. Ensure the shoe cement is coating the napkin or paper towel and a 1- to 2-inch area surrounding the hole.

 

Step 4

Allow rubber cement to dry for three to four hours.

 

Step 5

Apply a second thick coat over the original area. Allow to dry for three to four hours. Once two coats of rubber cement have dried on a shoe, it can be worn.

 

Soles Part:

Step 1

Remove any dirt or debris from between the sole and the body of the shoe. Dirt and debris will prevent the rubber cement from adhering properly.

 

Step 2

Apply a thick coating of rubber cement to the exposed area of the sole.

 

Step 3

Press the sole firmly to the shoe, applying pressure for one to two minutes.

 

Step 4

Place the shoe on a flat surface with a heavy object on top of it. This allows rubber cement to properly adhere in the correct places. Leave the shoe alone for 48 hours. After 48 hours, the shoe is fit to wear.

 

To get more information of shoe cement or shoe adhesive, I highly recommend you to visit Great Eastern Resins Industrial Co. Ltd. – they are the professional adhesive manufacturer in Taiwan. You can find kinds of industrial glue and shoe adhesive there. Learn more details, please do not hesitate to contact with GRECO.

 

Article Source: https://www.hunker.com/13422479/how-to-repair-a-shoe-with-rubber-cement

Explanation of Epoxy and Epoxy Adhesive

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Epoxy is an organic compound. It is made up of chains of carbon linked to other elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen. This link occurs via a covalent bond, in which the elements share a pair of electrons to stay together.

 

The epoxy term is a broad one. It can be used to describe the epoxide functional group, which is made up of a chain of carbon and oxygen atoms. Since functional groups determine the main characteristics of a molecule during a chemical reaction, this means molecules that contain the epoxide functional group can react chemically to create a rigid, yet highly flexible material.

 

The term epoxy can also be used to refer to the epoxy resins that appear after curing. Curing is a chemical process in which a material hardens after exposure to air, heat, or chemical additives. In epoxy, curing occurs with the help of a catalyst, which is chemical additive that increases the rate of a chemical reaction. This results in an exothermic reaction that creates a cross-linkage in the polymer. This cross-linkage is responsible for the rigidity and strength of epoxy materials.

 

Creating Epoxy Adhesives

Epoxy resin and hardener curing conditions can be modified to create the desired mechanical strength and property in the material. This means choosing the right temperature or humidity settings for the curing process to obtain epoxy materials that are resistant to heat, electricity, or chemicals. As a result, a variety of epoxy adhesives have been developed to suit a broad range of applications from automobiles to golf clubs. They are suitable for any product requiring a high strength adhesive and can be used on a variety of materials.

 

Properties of Epoxy Adhesives

As adhesives, the epoxy material needs to withstand heat, water, and harsh chemicals. It also needs to have a high level of adhesion on a variety of substrates and be flexible enough to be molded into different shapes. All these properties can be achieved by controlling the conditions in which the adhesives are created.

 

Epoxy adhesives are also durable and can withstand heavy loads, making them excellent structural adhesives. Epoxies come in either one-component or two-component systems. The main difference between the systems is the difference in curing temperatures.

 

One-Component Epoxy Adhesives

One-component epoxy adhesives are cured at temperatures between 250 and 300 degrees Fahrenheit. They are formulated without the aid of a catalyst and cure faster than two-component epoxy systems.

 

One-component systems have excellent adhesive properties and are resistant to harsh external environments. This makes them an excellent alternative to welding and rivets, as they possess similar properties to maintain structural integrity.

 

Two-Component Epoxy Adhesives

Two-component epoxy adhesives are also known as a two-part epoxy. They are cured at lower temperatures compared to one-component systems. The curing is done with the help of catalysts, and the process can be accelerated by heat. Cross-linking in the polymers increases during this heat acceleration process to give the epoxy superior properties.

 

Two-component epoxy adhesives are highly stable. They also have a wide variety of applications, such as bonding, sealing, and coating. They can be treated to resist high temperatures and have fast curing times.

 

Choosing the Right Epoxy Adhesive

One factor to consider when choosing an epoxy adhesive is the work life. This is how much time an epoxy adhesive takes to harden and dry. However, this is not to be confused with cure time, which refers to the length of time it takes for the internal chemical reactions to complete and the epoxy to reach its full strength.

 

A good example would be the long work life polyamide epoxy adhesive versus a metal bonding epoxy adhesive. Both are made by Infinity Bond, and both require 24 hours to become completely cured. However, the long work life polyamide epoxy has a work life of 200 to 700 minutes, while the metal bonding epoxy has a work life of only 9 to 12 minutes.

 

To choose the right epoxy adhesive based on work life, simply determine the approximate length of time your job will take. You do not want your epoxy adhesive to harden and dry before your job is finished. Neither do you want your materials to shift nor is slide after your job complete because your epoxy adhesive has not dried and hardened in time.

 

Another factor to consider when choosing the right epoxy adhesive is the material of the substrate. Even though two-component epoxy adhesives are generally suitable for all substrates, from metal to plastic to glass and wood, special epoxy adhesives have been developed.

 

Some examples of special epoxy adhesives include the electrical epoxy by Infinity bond. Designed for use in electrical potting processes, this epoxy adhesive is highly resistant to shock and vibrations, and repels moisture to prevent corrosion. All of which are highly desirable properties in electrical potting.

 

Lastly, color is also a contributing factor when deciding which epoxy adhesive to choose. For highly visible jobs, the epoxy adhesive has to blend in with the substrate for aesthetic appeal. Luckily, two-part epoxy adhesives have been developed in a variety of colors, and even come in a clear version for those hard-to-match colors.

 

If you have interest in epoxy adhesives, I sincerely recommend you to come and visit Epolab Chemical Industries Inc. – they are the professional epoxy resin manufacturer in Taiwan. To get more information of it, check out their website and feel free to contact Epolab.

 

Article Source: https://www.hotmelt.com/blogs/blog/adhesive-academy-epoxy-explained

What is UV Curing Resin?

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UV curing resins are materials that are polymerized and cured in a short time by the energy radiated from ultraviolet irradiation devices. These are especially used as industrial materials for sealing, bonding, and coating.

 

Excellent Characteristics of UV Curing Resins:

  • Because the curing speed is fast, working hour is shortened.
  • Because they do not cure without UV irradiation, restrictions are few in the coating process.
  • They can cure at a low temperature.
  • Because of nonsolvent, one-part resin, they provide good workability.
  • A variety of cured features is available.

 

Because the products provide these advantages, cost reduction can be achieved in various fields.

 

Ultraviolet Irradiation Devices

  • Conveyor Type: Suitable for mass production of mid- and large-scale workpieces.
  • Spot Type: For bonding and partial temporary fixing of compact parts.
  • Handy Type: Built-in type in the production line.
  • Unit Type: For partial irradiation to experimental or large-scale workpieces.

 

Points To Select A Lamp Or A Lamphouse

  • Appropriate wavelength of the lamp Short wavelength is effective for surface curing and long wavelength for depth curing.
  • Enough emission intensity Select them considering the attenuation of the light intensity due to a long use of the lamp.

 

Please note especially above two points to choose the lamp and the lamphouse for a UV-radiation system.

 

Conclusions

As the UV curable resin is single-component and non-solvent, it does not contaminate the work environment with any solvent. This adhesive is cured within seconds. Its excellence in mass production significantly helps reduce the production processes.

 

If you need more information about UV curable resin, please do not miss the website of Epolab Chemical Industries Inc. – the company is the leading epoxy resin supplier in Taiwan. You can find kinds of epoxy adhesives on their product catalog. Learn more product details, come and visit Epolab Chemical and feel free to contact them at 886-3-4521501.

 

 

Article Source: https://www.threebond.co.jp/en/technical/seminar/ucuringvresin.html

Do You Know What Thermoplastic Polyurethane Is?

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Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is an elastomer that is fully thermoplastic. Like all thermoplastic elastomers, TPU is elastic and melt-processable. Further, it can be processed on extrusion as well as injection, blow and compression molding equipment. It can be vacuum-formed or solution-coated and is well suited for a wide variety of fabrication methodologies. TPU can even be colored through a number of processes. But more so than any other thermoplastic elastomer, TPU can provide a considerable number of physical property combinations making it an extremely flexible material adaptable to dozens of uses.

 

This is partly because TPU is a linear segmented block copolymer composed of hard and soft segments. The hard segment can be either aromatic or aliphatic. Aromatic TPU’s are based on isocyanates such as MDI while aliphatic TPU’s are based on isocyanates like H12 MDI. When these isocyanates are combined with short-chain diols, they become the hard block. Normally it is aromatic, but when color and clarity retention in sunlight exposure is a priority, an aliphatic hard segment is often used.

 

The soft segment can either be a polyether or polyester type, depending on the application. For example, wet environments generally require a polyether-based TPU while oil and hydrocarbon resistance often demand a polyester-based TPU. For even greater utility, the molecular weight, ratio and chemical type of the hard and soft segments can be varied.

 

This versatility results from the unique structure of TPU that results in high resilience, good compression set, plus resistance to impacts, abrasions, tears, weather, and even hydrocarbons. TPU offers flexibility without the use of plasticizers as well as a broad range of hardness’s and high elasticity. In fact, TPU bridges the material gap between rubbers and plastics. Its range of physical properties enables TPU to be used as both a hard rubber and a soft engineering thermoplastic. TPU’s can be sterilized, welded, easily processed, colored, painted, printed, die-cut and slitted. They have low temperature flexibility and, in some grades, exhibit biocompatibility, hydrolytic stability, optical clarity, plus flame retardant and anti-static properties.

 

TPU Compounds

 

Further, TPU can be compounded for use in numerous applications where greater structural integrity is required, such as for automotive body side moldings. For example, when mixed with glass fiber or mineral fillers, TPU’s properties of abrasion resistance, paintability, high impact strength and good low temperature flexibility can all become enhanced, and the compound also demonstrates good fuel and oil resistance and high melt flow characteristics.

 

In addition, TPU is an outstanding contributor of polymer blends. When added to polyvinyl chloride (PVC), TPU improves compression set, abrasion resistance and low temperature flexibility.

 

When added to polycarbonate or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), a TPU resin with a nominal flexural modulus of 18,000, produces compounds with flexural modulus values up to 150,000 psi. In this way, specialized compounds can be made that improve the properties of polycarbonate or ABS or other plastics.

 

TPU Applications

 

These properties make TPU extremely useful for hundreds of products:

 

  • Architectural Glass Lamination
  • Auto-Body Side Molding
  • Automotive Lumbar Supports
  • Caster Wheels
  • Cattle Tags
  • Constant Velocity Boots (Automotive)
  • Drive Belts
  • Film and Sheet
  • Fire Hose Liner
  • Flexible Tubing
  • Food Processing Equipment
  • Footwear—sport shoe soles
  • Hydraulic Hoses
  • Hydraulic Seals
  • Inflatable Rafts
  • In-Line Skates
  • Magnetic Media
  • Medical Tubing / (+IV) Biomedical Apparatus
  • Mining Screens
  • Sporting Goods
  • Swim Fins and Goggles
  • TPU Coated Fabrics
  • Wire and Cable Coatings

 

Whether for its outstanding toughness, durability or processing ease, TPU is a versatile performer that bridges the gap between rubber and plastics.

 

If you have any interest in learning more details about TPU resins, come and visit the website of Great Eastern Resins Industrial Co. Ltd. – the company is one of excellent adhesive manufacturers in the industry. You can find industrial adhesives, shoe adhesive, water based adhesive, spray adhesive, TPU resins, and much more products at Great Eastern Resins. Get more information please feel free to check out Great Eastern Resins product catalog.

 

 

Article Source: https://polyurethane.americanchemistry.com/polyurethanes/Introduction-to-Polyurethanes/Applications/Thermoplastic-Polyurethane/

Anti Glare Film and Its Number One Function

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An anti glare film is actually a shield which covers the screen of an electronic device to protect it and reduce glare so that the operator can make use of it much more comfortably. A variety of companies manufacture screen protection products which can handle glare, which includes bright sunlight and severe overhead office lighting. These products vary in style, which includes temporary screen protectors and more permanent shielding that’s meant to last for the life of the particular device. These types of products are frequently available in hardware and electronics stores.

 

What’s the function of a screen protector? With a touch screen phone like an iPhone being such a huge investment you want to make sure that it’s protected as much as possible, although most people don’t realize that you can buy protectors for the iPhone. The screen protectors for the iPhone are meant to keep the screen from being marked, chipped, or damaged from daily use while being so comfortable that you will not even realize that it is there. They are created out of a paper thin clear plastic material that won’t affect the normal use of your iPhone.

 

Anti glare films are designed to diffuse sunlight or unnatural light so your shiny screen does not reflect light back into your eyes. Such screen protectors will often appear with a matt or frosty finish and under a microscope will contain small lines. Their key purpose is to make sure your screen is viewable or readable in direct light, but they also have the extra bonus of decreasing fingerprints and also smudges to some extent. On the negative aspect, the matte finish can look a bit fuzzy and can also decrease the clarity of your screen slightly. Likewise, these protectors are usually a little bit thicker than other ones and the surface could be a little rough, meaning your finger will not slide as easily on the screen. If, nevertheless, you use your phone outdoors the majority of the time, then these types of protectors would be your very best choice.

 

Besides an anti-glare film are mirror screen protectors. Mirror protectors are made to turn your phone screen into a mirror whenever the screen is not lit up – ideal for rapidly checking your hair or makeup when out and about. The downside is that they can create a considerable amount of glare and can mean the colors of your screen may not be as bright as they should be. They’re more suitable for those who use their phone primarily for calling or sending text messages. When you look at pictures or watch videos with a mirror protector, they can be slightly more difficult to see, depending upon the light conditions.

 

A few companies create products like an anti-glare film that has a custom fit for certain devices like certain models of cell phones. Consumers also can purchase a flat sheet and then cut it to size. It is very important measure very carefully, as a screen protector that doesn’t fit can produce a lip. The lip might attract debris and dust and cause it to stick to the screen. Consumers should also be informed that thinner anti-glare films tend to be more prone to ripping away from the screen with longer use.

 

The anti glare film is now considered an absolute necessity for individuals who own a touch screen gadget. This is a method of guarding their beloved gadget from any damage, marks, or cracks. Also, the LCD protector is a good investment to make your mobile phones and other gadgets last a little longer.

 

If you need further details about anti-glare film, welcome to visit PROCHASE’s website. We are the expert of manufacturing protective films. Do not hesitate to contact us for more information!

 

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/expert/Russ_T_Williams/1225927

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/6695595

For Textile Materials Used Ink Cleaning Products

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Tenluxe was founded in 1968 and is headquartered in Taiwan. We specialize in the research and development of ink cleaner products for textile materials. The ink cleaner product/ textile cleaner offerings include textile cleaning guns, trichloroethane naphtha, ink cleaners, tenluxe ink cleaners, puff ink cleaners, snaxin ink cleaners, cleaning spray guns, tag pin guns and lubricant for high speed knitting machines. The development of cleaning additives, including TENNOR AF202, BESCON and Tensoft, took the textile industry into the mechanized era and made the scrubbing of knitted sweaters produced for export by hand a thing of past.

Tenluxe ink cleaner and ink stain removal products are the most widely used in textile and dyeing factories, textile inspection plants, clothing and knitting factories, footwear manufacturers, curtains and sofas, wallpapers, screen printing industry, and more. Tenluxe ink cleaner supply has obtained diverse certifications, welcome to contact us for any ink cleaner supply specifications. OEM or ODM orders are welcome and we would be your best partner in the future.

Tenluxe – a specialist of ink cleaners and cleaning gun

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About Tenluxe

Founded in 1968, Tenluxe specializes in the research and development of ink cleaner products for textile materials. Its ink cleaner product offerings include cleaning gun, trichloroethane naphtha, inkcleaner, tenluxe inkcleaners, puff ink cleaner, snaxin ink cleaner, tag pin gun and lubricant for high speed knitting machine. The development of cleaning additives, including TENNOR AF202, BESCON and Tensoft, took the textile industry into the mechanized era and made the scrubbing of knitted sweaters produced for export by hand a thing of past.

Tenluxe inkcleaners are the most widely used in textile and dyeing factories, textile inspection plants, clothing and knitting factories, footwear manufacturers, curtains and sofas, wallpapers, screen printing industry and more. Tenluxe ink cleaner supply has obtained diverse certifications, welcome to contact them for more inkcleaner supply specifications.

Our products became extremely popular because they helped to increase efficiency of the textile industries many-fold. In 1969 we purchased sophisticated West German and Japanese machinery that were ultimately used to produce Taiwan’s first aluminum electric cleaning spray gun. Named the Tenluxe textile cleaning spray gun, this was granted the new utility model patent No. 6111.

Main Products:

-Textile Cleaning Gun-

Tenluxe Textile Cleaning Gun Type A, Type A-102
Type A, Type A-102 Textile Cleaning Gun
Most of the machine oil stains and dust on textile materials can be easily cleaned with the Tenluxe textile cleaning gun. Aluminium alloy structured type A is especilly designed for textile factories with large work-loads strong spray, with a minimum of cleaning solvent exhaustion.

Tenluxe Textile Cleaning Gun B-1, B-2, B-3, B-4
B-1, B-2, B-3, B-4 Textile Cleaning Gun
Light-weight electric cleaning gun B-1 involves a totally different style of design. A stream-line Nylon outer shall, strong sprays with economic solvent exhaustion, and comfortable hand-hold are its specialties. Most suitable for textile manufactories and laundries with medium and light work-loads.

Naphtha
Naphtha
Trichloroethane is the currently one of the most utilise nonflammable cleaning solvent with the quickest cleaning speed, popularly used for textile cleaning gun. Naphtha is mainly used on dyed material which are unstable, compare to trlchloroethane it has slightly less cleaning strength and is flammable.

Tenluxe Inkcleaner
Tenluxe InkcleanerTenluxe Ink Cleaner
Some stains, even with strong sprays of Trichloroethane and Naphtha, can not be cleared totally and will only have a bad effect on the best materials, such as silk and fine-knite clothes. The multi-purpose inkcleaner® is the textile cleaning gun’s main complement. Apply onto less-easily removed stains, such as ball-pen, Lipstick, Oil base ink, animal, vegetable, mineral oils or mud stains, then spray with cleaning gun or rinse with water.

Tenluxe Puff
Tenluxe Puff Ink Cleaner
For removal of sewing machine oil and water stains from textile, silk etc. Spray from 10cm above the stained area. When dry, wipe clear the powder with dry towel, soft brush or vacuum.

Tenluxe Snaxin 101, 202, 303, 404
Tenluxe Snaxin Ink Cleaner 101, 202, 303, 404
Snaxin 101 Decompose stains on textile materials such as yellow stains, blood, sweet stains (juice, coffee or tea spills), caused of vegetable, animal oil, urine or sauces etc. Snaxin 202 decomposes rust stains on texttile materials Snaxin 303 decompose animal, vegetable, and lubricant stains.

Tenluxe Tag Pin Gun Tag Pins & Needle
Tenluxe Tag Pin Gun Tag Pins & Needle
Tenluxe Tag Pin Gun is designed with simplified internal parts, is easy to maintain.

Lubricant for High Speed Knitting Machine
Lubricant for High Speed Knitting Machine
Specially for high-speed circular knitting machine lubricant, volatile and contains cleaning detergent easily infiltrates the interior of the needle bed and forms a protective layer, reducing friction between needle and it’s bed, prolonging its life.