Category Archives: Manufacturer

Nail Polish Chemistry: How Nail Polish Works and What It’s Made Of

Posted on by

Nail polish is a type of lacquer used to decorate fingernails and toenails. Because it has to be strong, flexible, and resist chipping and peeling, it contains a number of chemicals. Here is a look at the chemical composition of nail polish and the function of each of the ingredients.

 

Chemical Composition of Nail Polish

A basic clear nail polish could be made from nitrocellulose dissolved in butyl acetate or ethyl acetate. The nitrocellulose forms a shiny film as the acetate solvent evaporates. However, most polishes contain an extensive list of ingredients.

 

  • Solvents

Solvents are liquids used to mix the other ingredients in a nail polish to yield a uniform product. Once you apply the polish, solvents evaporate away. The amount and type of solvent determines how thick a polish is and how long it takes to dry. Examples of solvents include ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and alcohol. Toluene, xylene, and formalin or formaldehyde are toxic chemicals that used to be common in nail polish but are found rarely now or in low concentrations. Usually, the first ingredient(s) in a nail polish are solvents.

 

  • Film Formers

Film formers are chemicals that form the smooth surface on a coat of nail polish. The most common film former is nitrocellulose.

 

  • Resins

Resins make the film adhere to the nail bed. Resins are ingredients that add depth, gloss, and hardness to the film of a nail polish. An example of a polymer used as a resin in nail polish is tosylamide-formaldehyde resin.

 

  • Plasticizers

While resins and film formers give polish strength and gloss, they produce a brittle lacquer. Plasticizers are chemicals that help keep polish flexible and reduce the chance that it will crack or chip. They do this by linking to polymer chains and increasing the distance between them. Camphor is a common plasticizer.

 

  • Pigments

Pigments are chemicals that add color to nail polish. An astonishing variety of chemicals may be used as pigments in nail polish. Common pigments include iron oxides and other colorants, such as you would find in paint or varnish.

 

  • Pearls

Nail polish that has a shimmery or glittery effect may contain pearlescent minerals, such as titanium dioxide or ground mica. Some polishes may contain bits of plastic glitter or other additives that produce a special effect.

 

  • Additional Ingredients

Nail polishes may contain thickening agents, such as stearalkonium hectorite, to keep the other ingredients from separating and to make the polish easier to apply. Some polishes contain ultraviolet filters, such as benozophenone-1, which help prevent discoloration when the polish is exposed to sunlight or other forms of ultraviolet light.

 

As the professional epoxy resin manufacturer, Epolab Chemical Industries Inc. also provides nail polish for customers. Their epoxy nail polishes are colorful, high color saturation and excellent durability which quickly solidified in most of the LED lamps, and qualified full inspection by SGS. If you have interest or requirement of epoxy nail polish, no hesitation, contact with Epolab right away!

 

Article Source: ThoughtCo.

What Is a Spring Return Actuator?

Posted on by

A spring return actuator is a control device that supplies one-way powered motion with the impetus for its return stroke being supplied by a spring. For example, a spring return door actuator will only open the door under its own power with the door being closed again by a spring arrangement. The simple solenoid is a good example of a spring return actuator, with the solenoid plunger being returned to its neutral position by spring tension. The fact that the actuator only supplies a single-powered stroke simplifies the actuator control system with commensurate reductions in unit cost and maintenance requirements. The spring return actuator typically has a longer service life, further enhancing the cost savings on such systems.

 

Conventional bi-directional actuators supply powered actuation force for both their working and return strokes. This is typically achieved by reversing the direction of an electric motor or, in the case of hydraulic and pneumatic systems, pumping compressed oil or gas into the opposite side of the actuator cylinder. In contrast, a spring return actuator only utilizes a powered stroke on one-half of its working cycle. The impetus for the return stroke that resets the mechanism to its neutral position is supplied by a spring arrangement. One of the best examples of this concept is the linear solenoid that uses a spring to return its plunger once power is cut to the coil.

 

There are many types of spring return actuator mechanisms available for both linear and rotary output applications. In some cases, the return spring is an integral part of the actuator mechanism and, in others, a separate unit. The rate at which the return spring moves the secondary mechanism is often governed to produce a specific reset speed. In many cases, this governing function is achieved courtesy of a separate hydraulic damper typically fitted with an adjustable damping valve mechanism, allowing for fine-speed settings to be made.

 

The single powered stroke of a spring return actuator holds several benefits, including low installation costs, long service life, and reduced maintenance. The benefits can be attributed to the relative simplicity of the systems and the reduced number of control elements and duty cycles required for their operation. This means slightly lower initial costs and reduced running expenses. It also ensures superior longevity of the actuator and its power supply as only half of the normal duty cycles performed for each actuation.

 

If you have interest in spring return actuators, I recommend you to visit Sun Yeh Electrical Ind. Co., Ltd. – they are the professional electric actuators supplier in Taiwan. Today, contact with Sun Yeh for more details of spring return electric actuators.

 

Article Source: https://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-spring-return-actuator.htm

Advantages and Disadvantages of CNC Woodworking Machines

Posted on by

CNC machinery revolutionized the commercial woodworking process. At a time when machines were operated manually, CNC technology made them operable by computer – a sweeping improvement that made high speed, high quality production a reality. Today, CNC machines’ cutting accuracy and production speed are at an all-time high. But before you buy one, it pays to weight the drawbacks against their benefits. Below are the advantages and disadvantages of CNC woodworking machine:

 

Advantage

  1. Flawless Cutting Accuracy: With its computerized control, a CNC machine can produce multiple identical pieces. It can also produce one-off pieces that conform precisely to programming coordinates. This accuracy saves companies money by reducing waste pieces.

 

  1. Excels at Intricate Design: CNC machines can execute intricate designs that manual machines can’t. CNC millers and routers routinely perform intricate millwork and cutouts for furniture. In years past, this work was by hand and reserved for premium products. Today, computer controlled machines make it widely available.

 

  1. Fast Training Process: Due to the physical nature of the operator’s job, a manual woodworking machine can take years to master. Conversely, computer controlled machinery can be mastered in as little as weeks. A CNC machine operator controls its computer, oversees the production process, and performs light servicing – tasks that can be learned through training as easily as through experience.

 

  1. Excellent Resale Value: As long as it is well maintained, industrial grade CNC machinery retains its value well. With woodworkers constantly on the lookout for quality used machinery, you shouldn’t have difficulty liquidating a machine when you need to upgrade to a new one.

 

Disadvantage

  1. Expensive to Purchase: An industrial grade CNC machine is at least a five-figure purchase, and many models reach the six-figure mark. For some woodworkers, this means taking out a second mortgage or looking for a quality used machine. In today’s impressive used woodworking machinery market, the latter is the optimal choice.

 

  1. Costly to Repair: Computer controlled machinery has two components that are costly to repair: sensitive cutter heads and the computer that controls them. Proper training educates CNC operators on the fine points of operating and caring for these elements. But if they malfunction, the repairs can be costly.

 

  1. Potential for Costly Error: Some companies let CNC machines execute the operator’s instructions while he attends another machine. If the instructions contain an error that isn’t caught, a large run of useless pieces could ensue.

 

Conclusion

The disadvantages of CNC machines can be reduced or eliminated by proper machine care, careful operation, and the identification of quality used machines. Their advantages can improve the production rate and overall quality of your woodwork.

 

For many woodworkers, replacing manual machinery with CNC machinery is the beginning of woodworking as a “business.” If you have requirement or need more information of CNC woodworking machines, I recommend you to visit Boarke Machine Co., Ltd. – they are the manufacturer of specializing in a wide range of woodworking machinery. Today, contact with Boarke to get woodworking equipment you need!

 

Article Source: https://www.rtmachine.com/blog/cnc-woodworking-machines-their-advantages-and-disadvantages/

Scaffolding Best Practices You Might Not Know

Posted on by

The term “little known,” is subjective at best. Many of you being in the construction industry, maybe very well aware of most of these OSHA guidelines for safe scaffolding. What I will try to do in this article is to address both things that are commonly found on any construction site and not so obscure that it would never be utilized.

 

For starters, any scaffold should have a base of some sort. An “adequate foundation” is what OSHA says that every scaffold must have. There are many different foundations out there; there could be dirt, rock, mud, water, asphalt, grass, a roof, a metal top to a tank or concrete. Scaffolds can be built on catwalks, on the space shuttle and anything else that someone may have to work on.

 

In other words, you can’t take a frame scaffold and just set it on the ground or even on concrete. It must have a base plate or screw jack at a minimum. Even with a base plate or screw jack, it also needs a wooden mud sill if it’s going to be setting on dirt, gravel, grass etc. The only foundation that does not need a mud sill is concrete. Every other foundation must have a base plate or screw jack and mud sill.

 

That brings us to screw jack height. This is a common question that many people don’t actually know the answer to. It is suggested many times that a screw jack can only be raised 12 inches. This is actually not correct. Each manufacturer designs his screw jack differently, and some design them so that they can be raised higher than 12 inches. You must check with the manufacturer of the screw jack that you are specifically using. Some are designed to be raised 18 inches and many have a notch or a weld towards the top of the jack which is its maximum raising height and prohibits you from screwing the Jack any higher past that notch.

 

“It’s close enough.” There’s no such thing as close enough when it comes to getting the scaffold level. Scaffolds must be exactly plum and exactly level for it to be considered safe. Even if the scaffold is only out of level by a very small amount, it is not considered safe. When the scaffold is at a greater height, it will be leaning out of plum at a much greater degree. Cross braces will not go on as easily or at all, and if the scaffold is leaning out of plum and a load is set on top the chances of it overturning are dramatically higher. Every scaffold must be absolutely level.

 

Platform Construction

One thing that I often see and I’m sure not as many people know as there should be, is that there is only supposed to be 1 inch or less gap between scaffold boards. This is for several reasons, but one main reason is so that small items like wrenches, wall ties, jointers, etc. will not fall through the gap and strike someone below.

 

Another interesting tidbit about platform construction is that one scaffold board is not permissible to work from. OSHA regulations state that any scaffold must be at least 18 inches wide. There may be exceptions if there was absolutely no other way to erect the scaffold, but you must be able to prove that.

 

An additional fact that all of our readers should know is that the out-rigger scaffold is supposed to be a maximum of 3 inches away from the wall. Again, it’s for more than one reason, but the main one is because there are no handrails next to your out-rigger facing the masonry wall that you’re working on, therefore they want the wall in front of you and less chance of falling on that side the scaffold.

 

Here’s one that you may not know; if a board is 10-foot-long or less you cannot have more than 12 inches of the end of the board over it support. Also, if it is a scaffold board greater than 10 feet, you can have no more than 18 inches over its hand support or there must be guardrails so that someone cannot walk out on the end of those cantilevered boards, they tip up and a person falls.

 

A Couple of Points About Scaffold Access

Any scaffold that requires someone to step up more than 24 inches should have a ladder utilized to access the scaffold. The first rung or bottom rung of the ladder must be a maximum of 24 inches from the ground or walking working surfaces. That height for the first rung is actually quite high, and most people prefer sitting the ladder on the ground so they’re not required to have such a tall first step. Another thing that most people that are reading this are aware of is that the ladder must reach at least 3 feet above the scaffold platform.

 

Another item that should be noted is that you never increase the scaffold height by adding boxes, barrels, concrete block, brick etc.… to the platform. This includes ladders, such as extension ladders or step ladders. OSHA does allow a ladder to be used on top of the scaffold if many stipulations are met, but this is not a suggested practice.

 

Guardrail System

In closing we cannot talk about safe scaffolding without bringing up the guardrail system. Every system must include a top rail and mid rail. They should be installed on all open sides of the scaffold. The top rail should be able to withstand 200 pounds of downward and outward force placed upon it. That means if you’re a big fellow and way more than 200 pounds, it’s probably not a good idea to lean all over the handrail.

 

Another thing that should always be maintained is the proper height of the top rail. OSHA gives a little leeway in the top rail; it can be between 38 and 45 inches in height. Another not so commonly-known allowance is that a cross brace can be used for a mid-rail if the crossing point of the brace is between 20 and 30 inches above the platform and the ends of the cross brace are no more than 48 inches apart.

 

Now, hopefully you already knew all of this, but as you know, the three steps to remembering are Repetition, Repetition, Repetition!

 

To have safe scaffolding, I recommend you a professional scaffold manufacturer – Sucoot Co., Ltd... They specialize in manufacturing industrial scaffolding accessories & formwork parts. If you need more information of scaffolding parts, welcome to contact with Sucoot for more details!

 

Article Source: https://www.masonrymagazine.com/blog/2017/01/01/scaffolding-best-practices-might-not-know/

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Diamond Grinding Wheel

Posted on by

Besdia Diamond Grinding Wheels

Diamond grinding wheels made of diamond or cubic boron nitride (CBN) are widely used in various aspects of the grinding field because of their excellent grinding performance. Diamond grinding wheel is a special tool for grinding hard alloy, glass, ceramics, precious stones and other hard brittle materials.

 

With the rapid development of high speed grinding and ultra-precision grinding technology, the grinding wheel put forward higher requirements, ceramic and resin bonded diamond has been unable to meet the needs of all production metal bonded grinding wheel due to the combination of high strength, good formability, long life and other significant characteristics in production in the extensive application.

 

Metal bonded diamond grinding wheels are mainly produced by two types: sintering and electroplating. In order to give full play to the role of abrasive, foreign from the early 1990s began to develop a new type of grinding wheel for high-temperature brazing process, namely the brazed monolayer super hard abrasive grinding wheel, at present the wheel is still in development stage.

 

Sintered diamond grinding wheel sintered metal bonded grinding wheel more to bronze and other metals as binder, made by the high temperature sintering method, combined with their high strength, good formability, high temperature resistance, thermal conductivity and good wear resistance, long life, can bear larger load.

 

Because the grinding wheel in sintering process is inevitable in the shrinkage and deformation, so before the use of the grinding wheel must be plastic, but the grinding wheel dressing is more difficult. At present, the grinding wheel which is commonly used in the production process is not only time-consuming and laborious in dressing process, but also the loss of diamond particles is more in the process of dressing.

 

If you have interest or requirement of diamond grinding wheels, I recommend you to visit Best Diamond Industrial Co., Ltd. – they are the manufacturer of specializing in various diamond and CBN tools. Now, check out their website and contact with Besdia for more details!

 

Article Source: http://www.jrdiamondtools.com/en/news/2016-7-2/244.html

3 Benefits of Automated Assembly

Posted on by

Automatic assembly machine is a wonderful innovation. If a company is looking to turn to automated assembly machine, there are a lot of amazing benefits that the company will get out of it. Assembly machines offer a ton of pros for manufacturers.

 

One benefit of automated assembly is the quicker turnaround. As long as the machinery is used smart and efficiently, it reduces the turnaround time for projects. You are able to combine a number of assembly capabilities or production steps into one single step.

 

Automated assembly also offers higher quality production. It enhances the production quality. Certain tasks, such as aligned press fits, are difficult to be done when performed manually. Through automation, they can be done much more efficiently and accurately. It also provides a high degree of conformity across pieces. This is another aspect that’s difficult to achieve when performed manually.

 

One last benefit of automated assembly is that it reduces labor costs. Automated assembly offers both direct and indirect labor cost savings. The direct savings are very clear. When something becomes automated, it frees up time for employees. Employees no longer have to perform the automated task so they are able to perform other tasks that are unable to be automated and will help the company.

 

The indirect savings, while not as clear, are just as beneficial. Switching to automated assembly can reduce material handling and component orientation time, in-process inventory, when replacing batch operations, finished product inventory, scrap, defective pieces, and personnel training. All of these reductions can save manufacturers a lot of money in the end.

 

If you have requirement or need more information of automatic assembly machines, you can come and visit Detzo Co., Ltd. – they are the professional custom machine manufacturer in Taiwan. You can find a wide range of automated production lines at Detzo. Now, contact with Detzo at +886-2-22983317 for more details!

 

Article Source: http://www.norwalt.com/three-benefits-of-automated-assembly.html

Types of Dyeing Machine

Posted on by

Dyeing is a process of coloring textile materials for giving attractive look. In broadly we can explain, dyeing is a process by which a yarn, fabric, garments and any other materials that come to contact of dye by presence of auxiliaries that create the condition of dyeing environment. Dyeing operation is done by different types of dyeing machine. The machine which is used to dyeing or coloring of materials like yarn, fabric, garments or any other materials is called dyeing machine. Dyeing machines come in all shapes and sizes to accommodate the various forms and quantities of textile materials. Actually it is the device that is used by different industries for imparting colors. Various types of dyeing machineries are used to dye the textile materials.

 

Different Types of Dyeing Machine:

We can classify dyeing machine in the following way.

 

Types of dyeing machine according to textile material:

 A.Fiber Dyeing Machine

  1. Conical Pan Loose Stock Dyeing Machine
  2. Annual Case For Loose Stock Dyeing Machine
  3. Hussong Loose Cotton Dyeing Machine
  4. Jagen Barg Dyeing Machine
  5. Simplex Dyeing Machine
  6. Dreze Dyeing Machine
  7. Ober Maier Dyeing Machine
  8. Long Close Loose Cotton Dyeing Machine

 B.Yarn Dyeing Machine

  1. Hank Form:
    1. Hussong Hank Dyeing Machine
    2. Pulsatur Hank Dyeing Machine
    3. H.S. Hank Dyeing Machine
    4. Clauder Weldon Hank Dyeing Machine
  2. Package Form:
    1. Cop Dyeing Machine
      • Mather And Platt Cop Dyeing Machine
      • Long Close Cop Dyeing Machine
      • Beaumont Cop Dyeing Machine
    2. Cheese Dyeing Machine
      • Ober Maier Cheese Dyeing Machine
      • Franklin Cheese Dyeing Machine
      • Krantz Cheese Dyeing Machine
    3. Warp Dyeing Machine
      • Zittau Warp Dyeing Machine
      • Ball Warp Dyeing Machine
      • Chain Warp Dyeing Machine

 C.Fabric Dyeing Machine

1.Jet Dyeing Machine

  • Special Temperature Winches
  • Jet Dyeing Machine With Additional Winches
  • Partially Folded Jet Dyeing Machine
  • Fully Folded Jet Dyeing Machine

2. Jigger Dyeing Machine

  • Mather And Platt Jigger Dyeing Machine
  • Closed Jigger Dyeing Machine
  • Cyclotric High Performance Jigger Dyeing Machine

3. Pad / Padding Mangle Dyeing Machine

  • Two Bowl Padding Mangle Dyeing Machine
  • Three Bowl Padding Mangle Dyeing Machine
  • Fiber Bowl Padding Mangle Dyeing Machine
  • Houbold Bowl Padding Mangle Dyeing Machine
  • Zittau Bowl Padding Mangle Dyeing Machine

4. Beam Dyeing Machine

5. Winch Dyeing Machine

6. High Temperature Winch Dyeing Machine

7. Molter Metal Stand Fast Dyeing Machine

8. Solvent Dyeing Machine

 

According To Dyeing Process:

  • Open Dyeing Machine
  • Enclosed Dyeing Machine

 

According To Material and Liquor Movement:

  • Material Move But Liquor Does Not Circulate i.e. Jigger
  • Liquor Circulate But Materials Does Not Move i.e. All Package Dyeing Machine.
  • Both Materials And Liquor Circulate i.e. Jet Dyeing Machine

 

According To The Materials To Be Dyed:

  • Loose Stock Form Dyeing Machine
  • Hank Dyeing Machine
  • Package Form Dyeing Machine
  • Fabric Form Dyeing Machine

 

If you have requirement of yarn dyeing machine and fabric dyeing machine, I sincerely recommend you to visit Tong Geng Enterprise Co., Ltd. – they are the professional manufacturer of specializing in dyeing machines. Tong Geng’s aims are to design and manufacture top quality, advance and efficient textile machineries, and continuously research & develop innovated products, and comprehensive customer services global wide. Now, come and visit their website for more information of dye machines!

 

Article Source: Textile Learner

What Products Can Be Made from Injection Molding?

Posted on by

The process is highly versatile and can produce a myriad of parts for a wide variety of applications.

 

When creating a product that requires molded plastic parts, depending on the type of application and type of part you want to produce, you have several processes to choose from. One of the most popular processes to achieve high quality and cost effective plastic parts is injection molding.

 

Injection molding is a manufacturing process for producing parts in large volume – from thousands to millions. Melted resin is injected into a hollow mold until it is completely filled. The injection molding process uses high temperature and extreme pressure to sufficiently fill the interior with molten plastic resin or liquid polymers. The molds are then cooled to release completed plastic parts.

 

The process is highly versatile and can produce a myriad of parts for a wide variety of applications.

 

Typical Products Made with Plastic Injection Molding

Plastic Bottles are the most common product manufactured by the billions each year, ranging in multiple shapes and sizes. Typically, the plastic bottles used to hold potable water and other drinks are made from polyethylene terephthalate (PET), because the material is both strong and light.

 

Electronic Housings are also quite commonly fabricated with injection molding services. Used in devices such as remote controls, computers, televisions, medical equipment, and other consumer electronic components, housings are all produced by injection molding process. Injection molding services can manufacture any custom plastic enclosures for practically any application and sizes.

 

Toys: Imagine a building material which is lightweight, durable, and doesn’t corrode; it comes in many sizes and colors and is designed for easy precise assembly. The Lego brand of building block recognized by all is made of firmer plastic granules which are heated until liquefied and then injected into metal molds in which the plastic cools and solidifies into a studded brick or other shape. But what’s important is that each brick and component is accurately molded so they’ll all fit together. It’s a precision product available in many colors, shapes, and sizes.

 

Agricultural: OEMs designing for the agricultural marketplace are switching to plastic as a low cost alternative to metal components commonly used throughout the industry. Plastics offer higher resistance to impacts during use, humidity, and are able to resist extreme high or low temperatures. UV additives also help protect plastic parts from harsh weather conditions or exposure to corrosive substances.

 

Household: Molded closures, containers, components, and drinkware are just a few of the common items that can be custom fabricated with injection molding.

 

Machinery and Automotive Components: Bumpers, dashboards, radio controls, cup holders, and many other elements found in cars and transportation vehicles, both interior and exterior, are made by the injection molding process.

 

Healthcare Industry: In the healthcare field, there are thousands of products that are made with the injection molding process. The healthcare industry relies heavily on multipurpose plastic products that can be manufactured in bulk, as many of these products are single use, disposable items to maintain sterility or to prevent the spread of germs or disease. From plastic syringes to tools used in medical procedures, injection molding is what helps the medical professionals get their jobs done.

 

Injection Molding is a very common manufacturing method used to produce everyday household items. The applications cover commercial, industrial, and consumer products alike. Injection molding offers the versatility to generate designs that have intricate detail or complexity, down to simpler forms in any range of sizes from small to large objects.

 

This method has produced solid parts such as electronic housings, bottle caps, containers, computers, televisions components, bag accessories, outdoor furniture, agricultural products, toys, machinery components, and much more.

 

If you need plastic injection molding services, I recommend you to visit Shin Fang Plastic Industrial Co., Ltd. – they are the experienced manufacturer of specializing in various plastic injection products. Now, check out their website for more details of plastic injection moulding.

 

Article Source: https://www.ien.com/product-development/article/21014543/what-products-can-be-made-from-injection-molding

CNC Guide: Best Design Practices for Custom CNC Machining Parts

Posted on by

Here’s a good refresher on common practices to keep manufacturability and cost in mind when designing a part.

 

What exactly is computer-numerical-controlled (CNC) machining? It’s a means to make parts by removing material via high-speed, precision robotic machines that use an array of cutting tools to create the final design. CNC machines commonly used to create the geometric shapes required by customers are vertical milling machines, horizontal milling machines, and lathes.

 

To successfully make a part on a CNC machine, programs instruct the machine how it should move. The programmed instructions are encoded using computer-aided-manufacturing (CAM) software in conjunction with the computer-aided-design (CAD) model provided by the customer. The CAD model is loaded into the CAM software and tool paths are created based on the required geometry of the manufactured part. After determining the tool paths, the CAM software creates machine code (G-code) that instructs the machine on how fast it should move, how fast to turn the stock and/or tool, and the location to move in a 5-axis coordinate system.

 

Complex cylindrical shapes can be manufactured more cost-effectively using a CNC lathe versus a 3- or 5-axis CNC milling machine. With a CNC lathe, cutting tools are stationary and the part stock is turning, whereas on a CNC mill, the tool turns and the stock is fixed. To create the geometry, the CNC computer controls the rotational speed of the stock as well as the movement and feed rates of the stationary tools required to manufacture the part. If square features need to be created on a round part, the round geometry is first created on the CNC lathe and then the square features would be made on a CNC mill.

 

Because the computer controls the machine movement, the X, Y, and Z axes can all move simultaneously to produce a range of features, from simple straight lines to complex geometric shapes. Some limitations do exist in CNC machining, and not all shapes and features can be created even with the advances made in tooling and CNC controls. The limitations will be discussed later.

 

General Tolerances

If a drawing or specification sheet has not been provided by the customer, a company may provide general specifications to follow to manufacture a model. These specifications may change from one company to another. In addition, some companies do not have default tolerances and will require the customer to provide the specifications.

 

Part Tolerances

Tolerance is the acceptable range for a dimension, which is determined by the designer based on the form, fit, and function of a part. It is important to keep in mind that a tighter tolerance can result in additional cost due to increased scrap, additional fixturing, and/or special measurement tools.

 

Longer cycle times can also add to the cost if the machine needs to slow down to hold tighter tolerances. Depending on the tolerance call out and the geometry associated with it, costs can be more than double of what it would be to hold the standard tolerance. Tighter tolerances should only be used when it is necessary to meet the design criteria for the part.

 

Furthermore, overall geometric tolerances can be applied to the drawing for the part. Based on the geometric tolerance and type of tolerance applied, cost may rise due to increased inspection times.

 

The best way to apply tolerances is to only apply tight and/or geometric tolerances to critical areas, which will help minimize costs.

 

Size Limitations

 

Milling

Part size is limited to the machine’s capabilities and depth of cut required by a feature in the part. Keep in mind that a build space’s dimensions don’t equate to part size. The features and size of the part will determine the part’s machinable height.

 

Lathe

Lathe capabilities will depend on the build space, or the diameter and length. A company may also offer a live tooling lathe, which dramatically decreases lead times and increases the amount of features that can be machined by combining additional CNC milling functions within the lathe.

 

Material Selection

Material selection is critical in determining the overall functionality and cost of the part. The designer must define the design’s important material characteristics—hardness, rigidity, chemical resistance, heat treatability, and thermal stability, just to name a few.

 

Metals

As a general rule, softer metals, like aluminum and brass, as well as plastics, machine easily and will take less time to remove material, which in turn reduces time and cost. Harder materials, like stainless steel and carbon steel, must be machined with slower spindle RPMs and machine feed rates, which would increase the cycle times versus the softer materials. As a general rule, aluminum will machine about four times faster than carbon steel, and eight times faster than stainless steel.

 

Plastics

Plastic material can be a less expensive alternative to metals if the design doesn’t require the rigidity of metal. Polyethylene is easy to machine, and costs about 1/3 that of 6061 aluminum. In general terms, ABS is about 1½ times the cost of Acetal; nylon and polycarbonate are approximately three times the cost of Acetal. Keep in mind that depending on the geometry, tight tolerances can be harder to hold with plastics, and the parts could warp after machining because of the stress created when material is removed.

 

Complexity and Limitations

The more complex the part, which means contoured geometry or multiple faces that need to be cut, the more costly it is due to additional setup time and time to cut the part. When a part can be cut in two axes, the setup and machining can be accomplished faster, thus minimizing the cost.

 

For simple two-axis parts, more material will be removed as the tool moves around the part than with a contoured part. With a more complex part, some areas will need to be cut with X, Y and Z axes moving together.

 

To create a complex surface with a good surface finish, very small cuts will need to be used. This increases the time and, therefore, price of a part. A general rule to help minimize the cost is to try and design using only two axes cuts, but this isn’t always possible if a certain look or functionality is required. Keeping things consistent, such as internal corner radii and tapped holes, will also help save time and money on parts by reducing the need for tool changes.

 

Five-Axis Machining

Five-axis machining capabilities allow for more complex CNC machining parts to be manufactured in the most cost-effective manner. Five-axis machining means that the machine and the part can be moved in up to five ways simultaneously around multiple axes. The coordinated movement allows for very complex parts to be manufactured more efficiently because it minimizes setups, attains faster cutting speeds, generates more efficient tool paths, and achieves better surface finishes.

 

By using five-axis technology versus conventional three-axis machining, fewer setups are required to create a part with complex geometry. With three-axis milling, contoured parts, or parts with machining on several faces require multiple setups to create the geometry. Oftentimes, with three-axis machining, complex fixtures must be made in order to hold a part in the orientation necessary to create the feature. Five-axis machining eliminates the need, and thus cost, of creating the fixtures, because the part can be held once and rotated to create complex geometries.

 

Finally, by using a five-axis capable machine, the machine and part movement allows for the cutting tool to remain tangential to the cutting surface. Lower cycle times and costs are achieved because more material can be removed with each pass of the tool, and better surface finishes result by using the five-axis capabilities on contoured geometry. In traditional three-axis machining, very small cuts must be used to create a good surface finish, resulting in longer lead times.

 

If you have requirement of CNC machining parts, I recommend you to visit Sharp-eyed Precision Parts Co., Ltd.

 

They focus on the development as well as machining of a modern extent of complex CNC precision machinery parts made with coordinating focuses. Supplied in various particulars to look around, these precision parts are generally developed according to customer aspect. More than 30 years’ connection with designing and producing lots of precision machining parts, their CNC precision machining parts are for customers overseas and locally. Now, contact with Sharp-eyed for more details!

 

Article Source: Machine Design

Benefits of a Proximity Card Reader

Posted on by

As far as access control systems go, a card reader is still one of the most popular ways to secure a building. Keyless entry systems include proprietary proximity cards, magnetic stripe cards, biometric systems, and even smart cards. For many facility managers and business owners, the benefits of a proximity reader far outweigh the initial investment cost. These benefits include:

 

Loss Prevention

Proximity readers are a simple and convenient way of securing your entire building and individual rooms inside it. For example, you can require your employees to swipe their card to gain access to the office and again to access the lock-up closet or computer lab. This means that card readers can effectively reduce stock room shrinkage, tool bin losses, and other back door shortages.

 

Building Security

One of the most obvious benefits of an access control system is that you can identify and regular who enters your premises. Unless your business welcomes and invites walk-in customers, a proximity reader can secure your building from unwanted or unauthorized visitors. This level of security will keep your products and equipment safe, but it will also protect yourself and your employees safe from an armed robbery or violent attack.

 

Employee Tracking

Depending on the type of access control system you choose, you may be able to track individual swipes at a given location. This means that you can easily track your employees’ attendance and timeliness. You can also keep track of who swipes into valuable areas so you can easily recover missing tools or equipment.

 

Excellently take control of your business environment by contacting Pongee Industries Co., Ltd... With their advanced access control system, you can enjoy all the benefits of proximity controller. If you have interest or question about proximity card readers, welcome to check out Pongee’s website or call them at +886-2-8228-0198.

 

Article Source: https://goldylocksinc.com/news/general-security/benefits-of-a-card-reader/