Overview of Sawing Machines: Hack Saw, Band Saw, and Circular Saw

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Sawing machines are primarily used to part material such as rough-cutting excess material away before machining or cutting curved patterns in sheetmetal. Sawing machines substitute mechanical or hydraulic powered motion for arm motion to achieve the speed necessary for production operations. The cutoff operation is usually one of the first requirements in any production process before any machining, welding, or forging is done. The saw blade has individual teeth that “track” through the workpiece, each tooth deepening the cut made by the preceding tooth in the direction of feed. The saw or work may be fed and by controlling the direction of feed, either straight or curved cuts can be made. The width of the cut (also known as “kerf”) is approximately equal to the thickness of the saw blade and because of this saw blades are made as thin as possible but with adequate tool strength and rigidity.

 

There are three common types of sawing machines, reciprocating or hack saw, band saw, and circular saw. These machines all perform the same operation but vary in capability, capacity, and application. Power hacksaws use a reciprocating stroke where on the cutting stroke the saw blade teeth are forced into the metal either by gravity or hydraulic pressure while on the return stroke the pressure is automatically removed to prolong saw blade life. Most of the machines come equipped with a chip tray and a cabinet base which contains the coolant reservoir and its circulating pump. Heavy duty power hacksaws come with automatic bar feeds where the stock is loaded on a carriage which automatically moves forward the necessary distance when the cutting is finished. Hydraulic pressure automatically operates the vise jaws, gauges the material, and raises and lowers the saw blade.

 

After being set up for cutting material to a specified length, the power hacksaw will operate automatically without need for an operator until all the material loaded on the carriage has been cut. Horizontal band saws are one of the most widely used sawing machines for cutoff operations. These band saws range from small manually operated machines to large, fully automatic production machines. Vertical band saws are also used but are primarily manually controlled machines used in tool rooms and shops for maintenance and low production work.

 

Band saws have several advantages over other kinds of cutoff machines. The saw blade cutting width or kerf is 1/16 in (0.16 cm) compared to 1/8 in (0.33 cm) for power hacksaws and abrasive disc circular saws, and 1/4 in (0.64 cm) for cold saws. This can represent a sizable savings especially when cutting large or expensive material. The thinner saw blades also require less power to cut through material making them more economical to operate. Because bandsaws have endless blades (band saw blades are welded together to create an endless loop) which cut continuously, the cutting rates are much higher.

 

Two of the most popular circular saws are the cold saw and the abrasive disc cutoff saw. Cold saws are low rpm circular saws for metal cutting. These saws range in size from hand-operated bench-top models with 8 in (20 cm) blades to fully automatic machines with blades of 3 in (7.6 cm) diameter and larger. Light duty manual or automatic machines are sometimes equipped with a swivel head which enables cuts to be made at different angles. These saws are mostly used for cutting structural shapes such as I-beams, angles, and channel sections because the circular blades can complete their cuts with less travel than straight blades. Heavy duty machines are available with bar feeds and can be used for cutting solid bars up to 10 in (25 cm). Material larger than this size would require excessively large blade diameters, which must be more than double the cutting capacity, which would become too costly along with the machine necessary to drive them. Different speed ranges are provided for cutting metals of different hardness and toughness, and built-in coolant systems help produce better finishes and prolong blade life.

 

Abrasive cutoff saws utilize an abrasive disc to separate material by using a grinding action. Abrasive cutoff saws are built for either manual operation or with power feeds, with either fixed or oscillating wheel heads. Oscillating wheel heads are used when cutting thick sections of tough materials such as titanium, nickel-based super-alloys, and other high alloy steels. Sizes range from small bench-top machines with 8 in (20 cm) wheels to bigger machines with 20 in (50 cm) or larger wheels. Abrasive cutoff saws are very useful for rapidly cutting small sizes of bar stock, tubing, and structural shapes and also for cutting tough or hardened materials that cannot be cut efficiently with other types of saws.

 

EVERISING is the manufacturer that has been specializing in mid to large size band saws and circular saws. If you are interested in band saw and circular saw series information, please do not hesitate to contact with us to learn further details about them.

 

Article Source: http://science.jrank.org/pages/4043/Machine-Tools-Sawing-machines.html

 

Electric Towing Tractors Exhibit Glamorous Look and Deliver Quality Performance

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Tow tractors and electric stackers offer extensive usability in industrial sectors. The main difference between traditional and modern engineering equipment is that the modern items are more developed and can deliver better performance at faster pace. The market of electric stacker and electric towing tractor is very competitive and that is why manufacturers of such items keep the prices at reasonable level.

 

Electric stackers come in different designs. Their price range varies in accordance with the sophistication of their configuration. Of the top-notch stackers, pallet movers are supplied along with powered drive and lift. As far as carrying loads is concerned, electric stackers are empowered with enhanced capacity. The lift that is attached with it is tall in height and measures 840mm. Some of their breeds are specifically manufactured for moving pallets. In such cases, electric stackers are so designed that they can lift up variants of pallets.

 

They are fitted with cramped and narrow aisles to maneuver pallet loads. These intricately designed items are armed with many advanced features. One of the prominent features of electric stackers is that users can not only lift up items but also have infinite control over lifting with the help of smooth hand controlled powered system. This system facilitates the smooth functioning of the machine. These electric stackers are heavy weighted items. Adding to its popularity is the addition of compact and new features.

 

Electric towing tractors are an outcome of constant efforts on part of the manufacturers to devise new ideas and develop them into newest models. They have found users at different work places. Warehouses, factories, laboratories, hospitals are some of the places where they are extensively used. They have long life span as they are powered by traction battery of high capacity. They are capable of standing wear and tear of time. To operate this high-tech machinery, one needs to hook up the tow hitch to the required trailer. There is no problem in working with these bulky items in a tight area.

 

Electric towing tractors are capable of moving in upward and backward directions with control over their speedy movement. The inclusion of advanced breaking system lends the items complete look.

 

From the aforesaid overview of both of the items, it has become quite evident that they are capable of outsmarting their peers in every aspect of performance. Electric stackers as well as tow tractors have earned much appreciation among users due to their high-end performance. The fact that they can be used for a prolonged time period has also made a strong appeal among the users. The last but not the least is the glossy looks of electric stackers and tow tractors.

 

Established in 1973, Tailift is an expert of specializing in research and development of material handling equipment. Our forklift trucks are sold to more than 50 countries around the world, and enjoy the considerable success in several markets. Tailift manufactures serial types of materials handling machines include ICE counterbalance trucks, electric counterbalance trucks, pallet trucks, stacker, reach truck, tow tractors and VNA trucks. If you need more information about electric towing tractor and more forklifts series, welcome to visit our website and feel free to contact with Tailift.

 

 

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/3667394

Comparisons between Variable and Fixed Displacement Hydraulic Pump

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A hydraulic drive system uses a pressurized fluid to deliver force to distant machinery. Each system has several common components; the most universal is the hydraulic pump. The pump’s purpose is to pressurize the hydraulic fluid so that it will travel down the line and perform work on the other side. In an ‘open loop’ system, the fluid is drawn from a reserve tank, and deposited into the same tank after it has done its work. In a ‘closed loop’ system, the fluid is brought directly back to the hydraulic pump after passing through a hydraulic filter.

 

Fixed Displacement Hydraulic Pump

A fixed displacement hydraulic pump has a set flow rate — every stroke of the motor moves the same amount of fluid. Fixed displacement pumps are

 

  • Simple
  • Relatively inexpensive
  • Easier to maintain

 

The simplest type of fixed displacement pump is the gear pump, in which the hydraulic fluid is pushed by rotating gears. In some models, the gears are sequential; in the quieter and more efficient version, the gears are interlocking. Another common variation is the screw pump, which uses the classic Archimedes screw, which looks much like a drill bit, to move the fluid. They have the advantage of providing a high rate of flow at relatively low pressures.

 

Variable Displacement Hydraulic Pump

In a variable displacement pump, the flow rate and outlet pressure can be changed as the pump operates. This results in variable displacement hydraulic pumps that are

 

  • More complex
  • More expensive
  • Capable of doing a wider variety of jobs

 

The most common type of variable displacement pump is the rotary vane pump, which is a variation of the gear pump in which the ‘gear’ is offset and the ‘cogs’ aren’t fixed, but rather extend and retract as the gear turns, allowing the pump to increase the pressure of the fluid by compacting it as it pushes the fluid through. The top-tier pumps, however, are bent-axis piston-and-cylinder pumps, much like the ones that are used in an internal combustion engine.

 

Simple, fixed displacement hydraulic pumps are perfect for single jobs that need to be repeated indefinitely over long periods of time; variable displacement hydraulic pumps can be used to power a wider variety of tools, but require more expense and more attention.

 

Anson is the professional intra vane fixed displacement hydraulic pumps manufacturer in Taiwan. We provide various intra vane pump series, including IVP series, IVPQ series, IVPV series, and cartridge kits and so on hydraulic pumps. Welcome to send inquiries and feel free to contact Anson for more details about fixed displacement vane pumps and more hydraulics.

 

 

Article Source: http://peerlessengineering.com/blog/hydraulic-pumps-fixed-vs-variable-displacement/

 

Advantages of Magnetic De-burring

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Manufacturers of small, non-ferrous precision parts are often faced with the challenge of de-burring the part — the process of removing the raised edge or small piece of unwanted material that may remain attached to a part after a modification process. De-burring is especially important in the automotive, aerospace and electronics industries, where precision is critical and there is zero-tolerance for burr-ridden components.

 

Magnetic De-Burring

Burrs are traditionally removed manually, but this process is labor-intensive and time-consuming. A more convenient method is magnetic de-burring, which uses magnets and stainless steel media to polish and de-burr the parts without affecting the tolerances or inflicting damage.

 

The bottom of the deburring machine’s plastic container is first covered with stainless steel pins, and the parts to be de-burred along with the deburring solution are then added — the solution is a soap and water mixture, which helps to suspend the pins during the process.

 

Magnetic De-Burring Machine

The machine is then switched on. A magnetic disk in the machine below the container changes polarity constantly, agitating the pins in a whirlpool effect. This creates a ‘brushing’ action that polishes the parts and removes the burrs, but does not damage the part. Once the de-burring cycle is complete, the parts are separated from the pins through a strainer.

 

Advantages of Magnetic Burring

One of the greatest advantages of magnetic burring is the time saved on the deburring process, as it enables rapid deburring of the parts. In addition, the magnetic process allows for the simultaneous deburring and polishing of the parts, and since the media used are stainless steel pins, there is no residue left behind as in other deburring processes — secondary cleaning of the part is therefore not necessary. The tiny stainless steel pins used in the process can also reach areas of the part that other tumbling media (such as rocks) cannot, and magnetic action ensures that the pins do not become lodged in the part as rocks/stones sometimes do. Magnetic deburring also enables the deburring of areas such as blind, through- and cross-holes or threaded features that traditional deburring processes cannot accomplish.

 

Earth-Chain Enterprise Co., Ltd. is a professional manufacturer of magnetic tools. Magnetic de-burring machine and more magvise magnetic workholding etc. products all can be found on our website. If you need more information about magnetic de-burring, please feel free to contact with us or send inquiry to Earth-Chain.

 

 

Article Source: http://www.amtechinternational.com/magnetic-deburring-services/

LCD Video Wall Systems for Modern Control Rooms

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The best display technologies of only 10 years ago are considered primitive by today’s standards. They were a poor return on investment because they were expensive and added little to the control room’s comparative ability to manage critical information. Expensive large format front and rear projectors were the primary choice. They were undependable, relatively low resolution, and required expensive maintenance contracts because they rarely had redundancy when a projection lamp failed. Then you add expensive, bulky hard-wire switchers to bring signals to the projectors and you still don’t have the capabilities of today’s most basic LCD video wall driven by a computerized controller. In fact, much of what was considered state of the art at the time was just “eye candy”; it looked good, but did little to advance the performance of the people using it.

 

What is considered a modern video wall system?

It employs a matrix of displays driven by a sophisticated computer that allows the operator to acquire and display more information faster than with older methods. This also means faster and better decision making. These are the type display systems that do much more than merely connect a switch between computers and individual displays mounted to the wall. These systems allow you to reach out on the data network and bring in an almost unlimited number of sources to the video wall, and as the network grows, it is unaffected except to say that more screen surface could be needed to display more information than before.

 

The growing popularity of LCD video wall systems

These are now more popular because they meet most performance requirements, require less investment and occupy the least amount of floor space. In fact they can be mounted on the wall taking up only 4-6″ in depth. These high resolution displays form a matrix or single pallet. Each display’s ultra-thin bezel is designed to minimize distraction when enlarging images across multiple displays.

 

These are relatively easy to install and require little maintenance or adjustment. They are rarely repaired because it’s easier and faster to replace than repair, however the typical industrial LCD display will run dependably for thousands of hours.

 

I should point out that these systems perform the same as video walls with other type displays because it’s the video wall controller, or brain of the system that acquires and displays what is shown on the video wall. The video controller (processor) doesn’t see the number of displays, or the type or size of displays. The controller sees the matrix of displays as a single display allowing the images to be easily placed and sized anywhere on the overall screen surface.

 

There are two types of LCD video wall used in control rooms; wall mounted or freestanding cabinet. Wall mounted systems require that the wall be reinforced and cannot be installed or easily relocated like a 12″ deep cabinet. The cabinet is modular and stores all supporting electronics in the base and as a result, can be easily expanded and relocated as requirements change.

 

For more information on this, please ask advice from an experienced LCD video wall solution provider like EAGO Vision, the company specializes in customizing LCDs monitors and troubleshooting electronic devices related issues. Welcome to visit the website of EAGO and feel free to contact with us.

 

 

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/8416914

 

Why to Use a Gearbox and How to Select It?

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With the many industrial gearboxes available today, it’s important to match the proper type of gearbox with the drive, motor, and load. When a machine needs a servo system (drive and motor), the gearbox type is critical for accurate and repeatable motion.

 

Why use a gearbox?

 

Servomotors often drive loads directly without the need for a gearbox, but in many applications it’s advantageous to use a gearbox between the motor and load.

 

One main reason to use a gearbox is torque multiplication. It lets designers use smaller servo systems that consume less energy. Instead of buying relatively large servo drives and motors, designer can use smaller components, saving space and money.

 

Output torque increases in direct proportion to the gear ratio, and top speed of the output shaft decreases. If an application can withstand the reduced speed, a relatively small servo system can supply high torque.

 

Gearboxes can also address inertia mismatches. For high performance servo systems — those with high dynamic responses or low overshoot, for example – the ratio between the reflected load inertia and motor inertia should be as low as practical, ideally under ten-to-one. A precision gearbox reduces the reflected inertia by the square of the reduction ratio. For instance, using a 25:1 gearbox reduces the load’s reflected inertia by a factor of 625, a significant improvement.

 

In some cases, gearboxes simply resolve issues relating to mechanical fit. For example, if directly mounting the motor interferes with another mechanical component, a right-angle gearbox may solve the problem.

 

Compared to most other gear reducers, a precision gearbox provides better accuracy and repeatability. Furthermore, the gearbox’s high efficiency lets it deliver maximum power available from the servo system—features often a necessity in servo applications.

 

Selecting Gearboxes and Servo Systems

 

A servo system coupled with a planetary gearbox is expected to provide precise motion, but this requires all components be carefully matched. Although it’s possible to buy the servo drive, motor, and gearbox from different suppliers, it’s not recommended as this requires a great deal of research and comparison to ensure all components will work together. Purchasing components from a single supplier — especially one that has carefully matched the components and will stand behind the specific combination of parts in question—offers several advantages.

 

The supplier has done all the research and confirms compatibility. Most suppliers will extend a more favorable warranty on such purchases. Plus, they can provide the approved mounting hardware to connect the components.

 

Some suppliers provide online tools for selecting servo systems and compatible gearboxes, easing the specification effort. These selection guides aid the design and provide specific recommendations for closely matched components that can be purchased as a system. In these cases, engineers can be certain the systems they specify are compatible in all critical areas, and that the components will come with the required mounting bushings and keys.

 

In fact, some selector tools let designers enter their torque and speed requirements, and then automatically filter a list of available motor-and-gearbox sets. Engineers can enter torque data in metric or imperial values, or the designer can select a particular servomotor size. Designers enter speed data as discrete values, or pick a gear ratio. Finally, the engineer can choose a preferred physical orientation—inline, right-angle gearing, or both.

 

The resulting list of available systems includes pricing information, a factor often critical to the selection process. After choosing a motor/gear combination, the designer moves to a page with full specifications for the selected servo system, the gearbox, and the combination.

 

One caveat: Even though a selector can make the specifying process easier, engineers and designers should always verify that a system meets their needs and gets applied correctly.

 

Accumulated many years of experiences in the mechanical transmission and high-quality manufacturing technology, Jia Cheng Precision Machinery Co., Ltd. was established a professional gearbox production and sales company. “Quality First, Customer Satisfaction First” is the company’s philosophy to continuously improve its production processes, timely and efficiently to provide customers with satisfied services. If you are interested in our gearboxes, welcome to visit the website of Jia Cheng and feel free to contact us to learn more information.

 

Article Source: http://machinedesign.com/mechanical-drives/how-specify-and-apply-precision-gearboxes-servosystems

 

How to Choose a Wonderful Racing Bike

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The racing bike is one of the best options to improve physical fitness by long-distance riding and high-speed movement on lines with a smooth finish. Regular driving on a highway or model contributes to the harmonious development of all muscle groups. That is why experienced cyclists are increasingly choosing it. So, how to choose a wonderful racing bike?

 

Above all, let’s consider briefly the differences between road racing models and other types of two-wheelers, including:

 

  • Lightweight frame, wheels, and components
  • Narrow tires
  • The front fork is often made of carbon fiber
  • Without back or front suspension

 

Frames

 

When buying such a bike, future owners have to choose between the frames, made of carbon fiber and aluminum. Most of the aluminum frames excel at driving on a flat surface. However, this option is much cheaper as compared with carbon. Racing bike frame made of carbon fiber exhibit improved resistance to stress and maximum effective cushioning during the transport.

 

Wheels

 

As already mentioned above, the racing bikes are often equipped with narrow high-pressure tires. The surface of the latter contains a minimum quantity of protectors. Wheels that are tailored to these features would provide a low-level friction from the road surface, which contributes to the development of a high speed.

 

Pedals

 

Most of such bikes have no pedals as standard. This is due to the need of suiting the characteristics of riders’ shoes. Competent approach to the choice of the pedals is largely reflected in the comfort of driving and achieving the desired results.

 

Recommendation

 

If you are in need of a racing bike, I would recommend the 700C racing bike. This bike comes with the ultra-light aluminum alloy frame, which is anti-static coated. Thus, it looks nice and is durable for use. And the three aluminum alloy spokes provide high strength and speed improvement. What’s more, the racing 46T crankset with exquisite workmanship keeps fast riding.

 

Summary

 

When choosing the first racing bike, special attention should be paid to the racing bike frames, wheels, and pedals, as all this would affect the future riding experience. And I think the 700C racing bike will be a good option for ordinary sports fans and those who are planning to improve physical fitness and develop all muscle groups by long-distance riding and high-speed movement.

 

Maxway Cycles Co., Ltd. is a bicycle frame manufacturer and has been in this industry for over 20 years. We specialize in producing various types of Top-End frames in steel, aluminum and carbon fiber composite materials.

 

We currently supply to global customers. Many of them are reputed bicycle assemblers, such as Jamis, DMR, Ritchey, Surly, Salsa, Dawes, Greenspeed, Rans, VooDoo and so on.

 

We are fully confident about doing the greatest job for our customers. We know what it takes to provide the best quality of product at very competitive pricing, and get it fast delivered fast to customers. As a customer of Maxway, you are assured of receiving the highest quality product at a reasonable price in short lead-time. Welcome to visit the website of Maxway to learn more information about racing bike frame series and other bicycle parts. Feel free to contact with us.

 

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/9532951

 

Overview of UTR30-Turbo Air Lapper and How to Extend Its Service Life

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Best Diamond Ind. Co., Ltd. is an experienced and professional manufacturer of producing air lapper and air grinder series. Various models of air lappers are provided by us on Besdia’s website.

 

On our website, a variety of air lappers can be found. However, in this article, only one of high quality and high performance products will be introduced. Now, we are going to having a simple product introduction of UTR30 – Turbo Air Lapper below:

 

UTR30 – Turbo Air Lapper

UTR-30 Turbo Air Lapper

Driven by turbine air motor.

Low noise, low vibration and durable tool life.

UTR30 is suitable for intricate area lapping.

 

Specification

 

Stroke length: 0.3mm

Speed: 40,000 spm

Weight: 220 g

Dimensions: Ø 28 X 200L (mm)

Air Pressure: 90psi (6.2kg/cm2), use oil mist lubrication for longer air tool life

 

 

To Upgrade Performance and Service Life

 

In order to maintain the best state of pneumatic tools and extend their life, the need arises to connect three points (Filter, Regulator, and Lubricator) in combination so as to achieve the purpose of filtering water vapor, controlling the intake air pressure and lubrication.

 

  • Before using pneumatic tools, be sure to confirm if there is enough oil in the oiler of the three point combination.
  • Set the intake air pressure of three point combination to be 90 psi (6.2 kg / cm2) as the most suitable condition of use.
  • Before using, please check if the water filter bottle of three point combination is full. If full, please discharge the water first.
  • Adjust the oil intake quantity of three point combination. We recommend about 2CC every minute (if used often).
  • During the holidays or when the pneumatic tools are not used for a long time, when you first turn them on, please raise the oil intake quantity of the three point combination to reach 4 cc per minute. In addition, when switching on pneumatic tools, it is better to keep them idle at low speed for 20-30 seconds, so that oil lubricates each part, and then adjust to normal speed.
  • Lubricant oil choice: Do not use thick lubricant oil. It is recommended to use circulation oil R32.

 

If you are interested in Air Lapper series and need more information about them, welcome to visit the website of Besdia. Any questions you have are also welcomed to send inquiry or contact with us. Besdia is always the best air lapper and grinder manufacturer for customers.

 

Best Diamond Ind. Co., Ltd.

4F, No. 10, Sec. 1, Chung Hsing Rd., Wugu Dist, New Taipei City, TAIWAN 24872

TEL: +886-2-8976-9341

FAX: +886-2-8976-9343

E-mail: service@besdia.com

Outstanding PVC Shrink Film Machine Manufacturer – Jumbo Steel

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Welcome to the professional manufacturer of PVC heat shrink film machines – Jumbo, providing high quality shrink film machines, and also having good reputation with high quality and high efficiency products and the best services. Furthermore, we have strong R&D team to keep improving our heat shrinkable film making machines to meet the highest standard of our clients. JS 336 model PVC shrink film machine is one of the high quality products that Jumbo takes pride in. Having a simple introduction about JS 336 model below:

 

JS 336 PVC Shrinkable Film Production Equipment
JS 336 PVC Shrink Film Machine

Screw Dia.: 55mm

Lay Flat Width: 200-700 mm

Output: 30-60 kg/hr.

 

PVC Shrink film offer many excellent benefits, such as glossiness, high transparency, durability, water resistance and easy control of shrinkage. They have been applied to a wide variety of product packaging, such as foodstuff, beverage bottles, sporting goods, etc.

 

Over 25 years, Jumbo Steel has dedicated itself to the research of production technology for shrink film machine. We have made great improvements in product prescription and machine performance, upgrading the quality and efficiency of PVC shrinkable films. We have a strong background and engineering experience for whole-plant planning and equipment supply. Jumbo Steel PVC shrinkable film production equipment has been sold worldwide, and has earned a reputation for its superior machine and outstanding production know-how.

 

In addition to supplying the most dependable machinery, we also place emphasis on the technological support and complete production upgrades. This allows our customers to start up or resume production very quickly.

 

Jumbo Steel has a proven tradition of pursuing excellence and improving the PVC Shrinkable Film industry, and it will continue to develop its engineering capabilities and raise industry standards.

 

If you need more information about Shrink Film Machine series, welcome to visit the website of Jumbo Steel to learn further details about our products. Any questions you have are also welcomed to contact with us.

 

 

Jumbo Steel Machinery Co., Ltd.

No. 4, Road 12, Taichung Industrial Park, Taichung, Taiwan.

Tel: 886-4-23590788(Rep)

Fax: 886-4-23590567

E-mail: sales@jumbosteel.com.tw

How to Use a Surface Grinding Machine

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A surface grinding machine is used to produce a smooth accurate finish on either metallic or nonmetallic materials. It uses a round rotating abrasive grinding wheel that remains stationary (but rotating) while the feed table (with work attached) is run in a reciprocating motion (left and right) under the grinding wheel. The specific amount of material to remove is determined by lightly touching off the work with the grinding wheel rotating and feeding the grinding head down a certain distance.

WARNING: If a grinding wheel is permitted to exceed the maximum safe speed, it may disintegrate and cause injury to the operator and damage to the grinding machine!

On a Manual Surface Grinder, you will then need to run the table left and right with one hand wheel while cross-feeding with the other hand wheel.

On an Automatic Surface Grinder, you will then be able to run the table left and right automatically while cross-feeding automatically. All you need to do is set the down feed and stroke.

Typically surface grinders can grind within .0001 – .0002 but not all surface grinders are created equal. The less expensive models may not hold up to tool room accuracies but could be used effectively to sharpen punches, and dies or do repair shop work. The more expensive models will use higher-quality spindle bearings and other components and will be better able to attain tool room accuracies.

To use the surface grinding machines, you must select the correct grinding wheel for the work to be ground. There are different wheels that are best suited for grinding:

  • High-Speed Steel RC 50-68
  • 400 Series Stainless
  • Soft Steels RC 30-45
  • 300 Series Stainless
  • Cast Iron: Ductile & Gray
  • Nonferrous Alloys

In each of the categories above you will need to determine wheel type by deciding if you need heavy (> .004), moderate (.002-.004), or light stock (.001) removal characteristics. Also, you will need to select a Grit size. 46 grit for general purpose, 60 grit for commercial finish, 80 grit for fine finish, and 120 grit for very fine finishes.

After selecting the correct wheel for your job, visually inspect the wheel for any damage or cracks. If no damage is found install the wheel on your surface grinder, tightening the left-hand spindle nut carefully with a spanner wrench. Make sure you replace the guard covering the wheel, put safety glasses on then turn the spindle on. Step away and let the spindle run for 1 minute to make sure the grinding wheel is running smoothly.

Once the grinding wheel has been dressed it is not recommended to turn the spindle off because turning off the spindle will require the wheel to be dressed again for some concentricity will be lost.

You are now ready to dress the wheel using a single-point diamond dressing tool that is placed and held down by the magnetic chuck. A small amount of grinding wheel should be dressed off of the diameter in order to make the wheel run concentric. Place the diamond dresser under the rotating wheel and bring down the grinding head carefully so it just touches the dresser. Sweep the diamond dresser across the rotating wheel using the cross feed (y-axis). Feed the grinding head down .002 then sweep the diamond dresser across the rotating wheel. Repeat until the grinding wheel face is clean and running concentric.

After the wheel is dressed and running concentric you will then be ready to gently touch off on the work (using the spark or layout fluid method). Next, set your “zero” on the down feed handle, raise the head slightly to clear work then the cross feed handle to distance the work from the grinding wheel. Next, feed the grinding head down a distance not more than .005. The amount of material being removed will determine how far you can feed the cross-feed per pass.

The benefits of surface grinding are:

  • You can grind very hard or abrasive materials
  • The high degree of dimensional accuracy
  • Produces surface textures of very high finish
  • Tooling is less expensive
  • Work holding is easier because of the magnetic chuck
  • Can be done automatically

In short, you will most likely need a surface grinder if you need to provide precision ground surfaces, either for a high surface finish or to attain critical dimensions.

Article Source: http://www.americanmachinetools.com/how_to_use_a_surface_grinder.htm